| Electronics greatest technological
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| | surrounded by blue and green pixels, then
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| breakthrough in this modern age is the
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| | that red color pixel is treated as white
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| digitization of analog signals. Digital
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| | color, since the color white is a
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| information, which is represented by 1s
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| | combination of the colors, red, blue, and
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| and 0s, is formed upon successful
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| | green. After demosaicing is complete, the
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| conversion of analog information, which
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| | image is further subjected to the
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| is represented by a fluctuating wave.
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| | photographer`s settings of the camera,
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| This conversion of analog to digital has
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| | like adjustments made for brightness,
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| made the world of science and technology
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| | color saturation, contrast, etc.
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| make great advances into the field of
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| | High-end digital cameras usually do not
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| computers, Internet, satellites, and
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| | do anything more to the image thus
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| space research.
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| | produced. However, professional digital
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| On the consumer domain, the benefits of
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| | cameras have a sharpening algorithm,
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| this technological breakthrough can be
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| | which heighten the sharpness and clarity
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| witnessed in consumer electronic products
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| | of the demosaiced and settings adjusted
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| like TVs, computers, cameras, camcorders,
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| | image. Professional digital cameras also
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| CDs, DVDs, etc. Digitization gave rise to
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| | have the option of saving the image in
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| microchips, which could be programmed to
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| | its RAW data before any demosaicing or
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| perform any task. With the utilization of
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| | adjustments are made by the computer
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| the microchip, the digital camera was
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| | chip. This is to give control to the
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| born.
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| | professional photographers to make
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| In a digital camera, the lens focuses the
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| | changes to the RAW data as per their own
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| image, the shutter allows the entry of
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| | choices.
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| light reflecting from that image into the
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| | The image can be saved in an uncompressed
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| camera, for a fraction of a second, and
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| | format like TIFF or a compressed format
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| the aperture determines the quantity of
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| | like JPEG. Uncompressed formats preserve
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| light allowed inside the camera. When the
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| | greater information; thus, the detail of
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| light enters the camera, it does not fall
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| | the photograph is much more than a
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| on a photographic film as it does in a
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| | compressed format, where detail is less,
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| conventional camera, rather it falls on
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| | as lesser information is stored. Hence,
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| an image sensor.
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| | compressed formats are also known as
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| The image sensor is an electronic device,
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| | lossy formats, since details are lost. An
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| a semiconductor, made up of photosites
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| | uncompressed format increases the file
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| that measures the light intensity. The
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| | size, whereas a compressed format reduces
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| photosite can only measure the intensity
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| | the file size. Depending upon the need,
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| of light and cannot recognize any color.
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| | the image can be saved either in an
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| To overcome this, each photosite is
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| | uncompressed or a compressed image
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| covered with a color filter of red, or a
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| | format, as bits and bytes in a memory
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| green, or a blue color according to a
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| | card. The stored image can be viewed on
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| pattern known as the Bayer pattern. Since
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| | the digital camera`s display screen as a
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| the human eye is twice sensitive to the
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| | digital photo.
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| green color, the number of photosites
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| | This digital photo can then be
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| having green color is twice the number of
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| | transferred from the digital camera to
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| photosites having red or blue color.
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| | the computer`s hard disk via the serial
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| Millions of photosites are covered by
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| | port or USB port or FireWire port or
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| this Bayer pattern. Each color occupies a
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| | Bluetooth wireless using Wi-Fi
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| single photosite, which is known as a
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| | connectivity. RAW data and uncompressed
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| pixel.
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| | data like TIFF take a longer time to
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| The more the number of pixels, the
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| | transfer than compressed data like JPEG
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| greater is the amount of detail that can
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| | or GIF.
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| be captured. The detail of the image is
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| | Once the data has been transferred to the
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| called as resolution, which is determined
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| | computer`s hard disk, any photo editing
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| by the quality of the lens and the number
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| | software can manipulate and adjust it, as
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| of pixels in the image sensor. High-end
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| | per the individual tastes and
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| digital cameras have about 12 million
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| | requirements of the photographer. The
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| pixels, whereas professional digital
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| | digital photo can then be printed on
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| cameras have about 20 million pixels.
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| | photographic paper, specially coated
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| The information of the pixels is recorded
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| | paper, or any other paper via a color
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| as electrical analog signals, is
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| | inkjet or laser printer. Utilizing a
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| amplified, and then is fed into a
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| | plotter, it can be printed in larger
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| converter, which converts the amplified
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| | sizes, in any other medium like canvas,
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| analog signals into digital binary
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| | acrylic, vinyl, etc. The digital photo
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| numbers, with respect to the color
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| | can be saved on a hard disk, pen drive or
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| information of each pixel. These digital
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| | a CD, for archival purposes.
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| binary numbers are then fed into a
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| | With passing time, more and more features
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| computer chip residing inside the camera.
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| | are being introduced in a digital camera.
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| The computer chip analyzes the digital
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| | Nowadays, audio-video recording is also
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| binary numbers that have been made as per
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| | fused with the still image capturing
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| the color of individual pixels. This
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| | capability of the digital camera, making
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| information is known as RAW data. For
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| | them small camcorders (camera +
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| analysis, the computer chip subjects this
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| | recorders).
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| RAW data using a technique known as
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| | This article is under GNU FDL license and
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| demosaicing.
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| | can be distributed without any previous
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| In this technique (demosaicing), the
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| | authorization from the author. However
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| pixel color is determined as per the
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| | the authors name and all the URLs (links)
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| color of the neighboring pixels. For
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| | mentioned in the article and biography
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| example, if a red color pixel is
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| | must be kept.
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